- What is the legal distinction between tax planning and tax evasion?
- Tax planning uses provisions expressly written into the Income Tax Act — exemptions, deductions, elections, treaty benefits — to reduce liability within the framework Parliament intended. Tax evasion conceals income or fabricates expenses. Every position we take is documented, cited to the Act and case law, and capable of surviving the highest appellate scrutiny. We do not recommend positions that depend on non-disclosure or that an independent senior counsel would not be comfortable defending.
- Should our company switch to the Section 115BAA concessional tax regime?
- Most domestic companies for whom MAT credit accumulation has slowed, or who have exhausted their depreciation pools, benefit materially from the 22% base rate under Sec 115BAA (effective 25.17% including surcharge and cess). The catch: the election is irrevocable and forfeits all accumulated MAT credits. The diagnostic we run before recommending the switch models the next five years of taxable income, MAT credit expiry, and depreciation impact. For companies with large pending MAT claims, the answer is sometimes to wait one or two more years.
- We received a Section 148 notice. What happens next and how long will it take?
- Section 148 initiates a reassessment on the ground that income has escaped assessment. The first step is filing objections under Sec 148A — there is typically a 15-day window to respond, and a hearing is required before the AO can proceed further. If the AO proceeds, the reassessment runs parallel to a normal scrutiny. Most Sec 148 matters resolve at the AO stage within 6–12 months; if the AO sustains the demand, we escalate to CIT(A), which adds another 12–18 months. Several mandates we have handled have been dropped at the 148A objection stage itself by pre-empting the AO's reasoning with documentary evidence.
- Can we still do anything useful if we have already filed the return?
- Depending on the financial year, yes. Revised returns can be filed within three months before the end of the assessment year. More importantly, the current year's planning — estimated advance tax, Q4 investment decisions, pre-March 31 restructuring — is always open until year-end. For prior years, a belated claim for exemption or deduction can sometimes be made through a rectification application under Sec 154, depending on the nature of the miss. The diagnostic covers both retrospective recovery and current-year optimization simultaneously.
- What does a strategic tax engagement cost, and how is the fee structured?
- Fees depend on scope. Advisory retainers for ongoing corporate mandates run ₹50,000–₹2,00,000 per month depending on entity count and transaction volume. One-time engagements — a property sale capital gains model, a Sec 115BAA transition analysis, or a single Faceless Assessment response — are fixed-fee, quoted after a 30-minute scoping call. Appellate work (CIT-A, ITAT) is fixed per appeal, plus certified copying and hearing expenses. We share a written proposal within 48 hours of the discovery call.
- How do you handle transfer pricing documentation for our inter-company transactions?
- Transfer pricing documentation under Sec 92D must demonstrate that every related-party transaction — inter-company loans, management fees, IP licensing, shared services — was priced at arm's length. We prepare the Master File, Local File, and benchmarking study using the most appropriate OECD-recognized method (CUP, cost-plus, or TNMM depending on the transaction type). The study is delivered before the filing deadline, is structured to withstand TP audit, and is updated annually to reflect changes in group structure or market comparables.